SERBIAN SECRET TERRORIST ORGANIZATION "BLACK HAND" AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR ALBANIANS 1903-1917
Abstract
The political circumstances that were created in the middle of the 19th century, favored the Serbian state to increase the violence against Albanians, having the support of the political opinion of the time. The platform for the displacement of Albanians and for the creation of a Greater Serbia, which began with Garashanin’s Draft (Načertanije) of (1844), which returned to the service of politics, scientific and cultural institutions by drafting detailed projects for ethnic cleansing of Albanian lands, where as a result secret terrorist organizations were created.The most notorious of these was the Black Hand (Dora e Zezë - Crna Ruka) organization, which was paramilitary and supported the idea of a Greater Serbia, created in 1911 by Major Dragutin T. Dimitrijevic Apis, who was involved in the overthrow of The Obrenovics' dynasty of 1903, a king who was influenced by Austro-Hungarian empire and Europe, this killing paved the way for the return of the Karagjorgjevic dynasty to the throne and for it to be taken over by the Russian-influenced wing and led by Nikola Pashic.Since the organization's program was the realization of a Greater Serbia, this program also included Albanian territories, as a result of which the Black Hand had formed a whole network of conspiracies against Albanian lands, it also had the Steering Committee in Pristina.This idea of national liberation and unification was the guiding principle of nineteenth-century (XIX) political elites, but Apis represented it in the purest and most brutal way, his organization did not last long. In 1917 Dimitrijevic was executed for conspiracy.Keywords: Colonel Apis, “Black Hand”, “Načertanije - (the Draft)”, Consequences for Albanians, Nikola Pashic.
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