DIAGNOSIS AND MEDICATION OF PYOMETRA IN A FEMALE DOG
Abstract
Pyometra, the purulent inflammation of uterus, is a common disease of genital apparatus of the dog. Diagnosis and treatment of this pathology is object of a lot of studies. Diagnosis is based on history and anamnesis, clinical and lab findings, Ultrasonography and histopathology, as a “gold standard” of it. Thirty-five female dogs (mean 7.6± 1.33 years old) of cross and pure bred, affected by pyometra (open and closed cervix) were diagnosed by ultrasonography and 12 uteri were used for histopathological studies. Pyometra was found out in 57.44% of nulliparous controlled female dogs. Ultrasonographic evaluated shown an enlargement and thickened of horns of uteri, lumen content was homogenous to anechoic/echogenic. Histopathological changes are related to Endometrium and its changes like as enlargement of cystic glands and presence of the pus in lumen of uterus. Ovariohysterectomy were realized in all female dogs. Three of them were euthanized some days after. The study aims to emphasize that ultrasonography and histopathology are the best techniques to diagnose pyometra because of some tests may not be definitive. Ovariohysterectomy is the appropriate, safest, the most effective and immediate medical intervention to save life’s animal.
Keywords: female dog, diagnosis, histopathology, ovariohysterectomy, ultra-zoography.
References
Amstutz HE, Anderson DP, Armour T, Jeffcott LB, Loew FM, Wolf AM. Pyometra In: Reproductive Diseases of the Female Small Animals, Merks Veterinary Manual 8th Edn White House Usa, 1998, 1038-40.
Baithalu, R.K.; Maharana, B.R.; Mishra, C.; Sarangi, L.; Samal, L. Canine pyometra. Vet. World. 2010, 3, 340.
Bigliardi E, Pamigiani E. Ultrasonography and Cystic Hyperplasia-Pyometra Complex in the Female dog. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2004; 39:136-240.
De Bosschere H, Ducatelle R, Vermeirsch H, Van Den Broeck W, Coryn M, 2001: Cystic endometrial hyperplasia-piometra complex in the female dog: Should the two entities disconnected? Theriogenology 55, 1509–1519.
DeClue A. (2016) Sepsis and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. in: Ettinger S.J. Feldman E.C. Cote E. Textbook of veterinary internal medicine: diseases of the dogs and cat. 8th edition. Elsevier, St Louis (MO)2016: 554-560
Devender Kumar, Satish, Satish Kumar and GN Purohit (2019). Endometritis in female dog: A review. The Pharma Innovation Journal 2019; 8(5): 279-282
E. C. Feldman, R. W. Nelson. “Canine and Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction”, Ed Pedersen, Saunders, Philadelphia, pp. 525-548, 1987.
F. Fieni, E Topie A Gogny 2014. Medical Treatment for Pyometra in Dogshttps://doi.org/10.1111/rda.12302
Fantoni D., Shih A.C. (2017). Perioperative fluid therapy.Vet Clin North Am Small AnimPract. 2017; 47: 423-434
Feldman EC, Nelson RW. Feline reproduction. In: Canine and Feline Endocrinology and Reproduction, 3rd Ed, ed Feldman EC and Nelson RW, 2004, pp. 1016-1045. Elsevier Saunders, Missouri
Fransson B. C. Ragle et al., 2004 Canine Pyometra: An Update on Pathogenesis and Treatment Article in Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practising Veterinarian -North American Edition- • August 2003
Hagman, R. Clinical and molecular characteristics of pyometra in female dogs. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 2012, 47, 323–325. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Hardy R.M. Osborne C.A. 1974.Canine pyometra: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of uterine and extra-genital lesions. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 1974; 10: 245-267
J. Verstegen, G. Dhaliwal, K. Verstegen-Onclin (2008). Mucometra, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, and pyometra in the female dog: Advances in treatment and assessment of future reproductive success Theriogenology 70 (2008) 364–374
Jena, B.; Rao, K.S.; Reddy, K.C.S.; Raghavan, K.B.P. Comparative efficacy of various therapeutic protocols in the treatment of pyometra in female dogs. Vet. Med. 2013, 58, 271–276. [CrossRef]
K. GÜRBULAK, Ş. M. PANCARCI, H. EKICI, C. KONUK, I. KIRŞANand M. UÇMAKUSE OF AGLEPRISTONE AND AGLEPRISTONE + INTRAUTERINE ANTIBIOTIC FOR THE TREATMENT OF PYOMETRA IN FEMALE DOGS Acta VeterinariaHungarica 53 (2), pp. 249–255 (2005)
Kida K, Baba E, Torii R, Kawate N, Hatoya S, Wijew¬ardana V, Sugiura K, Sawada T, Tamada H, Inaba T (2006): Lactoferrin expression in the canine uterus during the estrous cycle and with pyometra. Theriog¬enology 66, 1325–1333.
Kumari A. G., T. Madhavarao, J. Basanti and K. Sadasivarao (2012). Canine pyometra and its therapeutic management with Cloprostenol. IntasPolivet (Vol. 13, Issue 1) 2012 p. 130+
M. LLAZANI, et al., 2021. The clinical signs and cytological diagnosis of pyometra in female dogs. 2nd World Congress on Veterinary Medicine [Webinar] 26-27 May 2021
M. LLAZANI, et al., 2021. Ultrasonographic diagnosis of pyometra on female dogs: a preliminary study. 2nd World Congress on Veterinary Medicine [Webinar] 26-27 May 2021
Roberto Rodrigues da Rosa Filho, Maíra Morales Brito, Thaís Gomes Faustino, Leticia Lima de Almeida, Thayná Pantoja Gardés, Roberta Ferreira Leite and Camila InfantosiVannucchi (2020). Clinical Changes and Uterine Hemodynamic in Pyometra Medically Treated Female dogs Animals 2020, 10, 2011 doi:10.3390/ani10112011
S D Pretzer (2008). Clinical presentation of canine pyometra and mucometra: a review. Theriogenology 2008 Aug;70(3):359-63.DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.028
Singh KP, Singh B, Singh JP, Singh HN. Pyometra in Female dogs Two case Reports Intaspolivet. 2008; Volume: 9, Issue: 1, 99. Online ISSN: 2249-8796
Sreenu M., P. Kumar, B. Sailaja 2015. Surgical Management of Stump Pyometra in a Female dog - A Case Report International Journal of Livestock Research Corpus ID: 74681682DOI:10.5455/IJLR.20151221083610
Sumathi D., V. Vibin, A.P. Nambi, Cecilia Joseph and K. Rosmy Baby (2015). Haemostatic profile of female dogs with pyometra. IntasPolivet(Vol. 16, No. 1, 2015, p. 150+
von Reitzenstein M, ArchbaldLF, Newell SM. Theriogenology question of the month. Pyometra, hydrometra, or mucometra. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2000; 216:1221-3.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Declaration/Copyright transfer:
1. In consideration of the undertaking set out in paragraph 2, and upon acceptance by ANGLISTICUM for publication of the manuscript in the Journal, I/We hereby assign and transfer publication rights to ANGLISTICUM, whereas I/We retain the copyright for the manuscript. This assignment provides ANGLISTICUM the sole right and responsibility to publish the manuscript in its printed and online version, and/or in other media formats.
2. In consideration of this assignment, ANGLISTICUM hereby undertakes to prepare and publish the manuscript in the Journal, subject only to its right to refuse publication if there is a breach of the Author’s warranty in paragraph 4 or if there are other reasonable grounds.
3. Editors and the editorial board of ANGLISTICUM are empowered to make such editorial changes as may be necessary to make the Manuscript suitable for publication.
4. I/We hereby acknowledge that: (a) The manuscript submitted is an original work and that I/We participated in the work substantively and thus I/We hereby are prepared to take public responsibility for the work; (b) I/We hereby have seen and approved the manuscript as submitted and that the manuscript has not either been published, submitted or considered for publication elsewhere; (c) The text, illustration, and any other materials included in the manuscript do not infringe upon any existing copyright or other rights of anyone.
5. I/We hereby indemnify ANGLISTICUM and the respective Editors of the Journal as mentioned in paragraph 3, and hold them harmless from any loss, expense or damage occasioned by a claim or suit by a third party for copyright infringement, or any suit arising out of any breach of the foregoing warranties as a result of publication of the manuscript.